Migrating from CentOS to Rocky Linux or AlmaLinux Step by Step
CentOS 7 and 8 reached end of life years ago. Convert a server to Rocky Linux or AlmaLinux using the official scripts: snapshot, convert, verify, no reinstall.
Linux8 min read
NetBay journal
Guides for operators
Practical guides for Linux, containers, CI/CD, self-hosting, and running VPS infrastructure from Netbay Engineering.
499 articles · 24 topics
AllLinuxLinux AdministrationWindowsLinux SecurityLinux NetworkingContainersContainers & OrchestrationKubernetesCI/CDGitHubSelf-HostingBackups & DataDatabasesApp DeploymentDNS & TLSObservabilityEmailAI AgentsAI InfrastructureAPI & AutomationProxiesCloud ArchitectureHardware & PerformanceDevOps Practices
Linux Distro Release Cycles and Support Windows, Explained
Point releases, rolling releases, and short-cadence models compared, with the support windows and EOL facts that should drive your server distro choice.
Linux6 min read
Code-Review Agent That Posts PR Comments
Run a review agent on pull request diffs that comments on systemd, firewall, and secret leaks instead of style nits, then posts one GitHub review.
AI Agents8 min read
API Error Handling: Consistent Error Shapes
One error shape for every failure, stable machine-readable codes, and readable messages. Design the error contract before it designs you.
API & Automation6 min read
Tagged Releases and Semantic Versioning in CI
Automate version numbers and Git tags from a semantic versioning scheme so every release is traceable and rollbackable.
CI/CD8 min read
auditd: Auditing Events on Production Linux Servers
Deploy auditd to record who ran what on production, watch key files and syscalls, and turn the kernel audit log into usable, searchable incident evidence.
Linux Security7 min read
Docker CLI and Compose Commands: A Cheat Sheet
A practical cheat sheet of docker and docker compose commands — run, logs, exec, inspect, build, and the compose lifecycle — for daily work on a Docker VPS.
Containers8 min read
Certificates for Internal-Only Self-Hosted Services
Give internal self-hosted apps real HTTPS with mkcert or a local ACME CA so your private dashboards stop showing scary certificate warnings.
Self-Hosting7 min read
Session vs Token Auth for Your Web API Endpoints
Compare server-side sessions with stateless tokens across scalability, revocation, and security to choose your web API authentication model today.
API & Automation7 min read
Auto-Renewal Failures: What Breaks When Certbot Stops
Set certbot auto-renewal that actually reloads nginx, then learn the ports, timers, and disk failures that silently leave you with an expired cert.
DNS & TLS8 min read
Self-Host vs SES, Mailgun, Postmark by Volume
Pick the sending path by daily volume, bounce work, and whether users must read the message. Direct VPS SMTP only wins at tiny, well-authenticated mail.
Email8 min read
Local and Remote SSH Port Forwards Explained
Keep -L, -R, and -D straight: local pulls a remote port home, remote publishes a lab port, SOCKS is a dynamic proxy you can still draw on paper.
Linux Administration8 min read